Nu-hydroxy-aminoalkyl substituted alkylene diamines



k Patented July 7, 1936 UNlT-ED STATES I 3,046,720 N-HYDROXY-AMINOALKYL SUBSTITUTED ALKYLENE DIAMINES Robert Roger Bottoms, Louisville, Ky., assignor to The Girdler Corporation, Louisville, Ky., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application June 9, 1933, Serial No. 675,110

10 Claims. c1. 260-127) This invention relates to a new class of organic nitrogen bases which might be termed mixed amlne-amino-alcohols, and to the method of preparing and using the same. I

In my previous Patent No; 1,783,901 I have disclosed a process for the separation of acidic gases from gaseous mixtures, in which a certain class of amines are used as the absorbent or as the essential part thereof. I have now discovered that certain mixed amine-amino-alcohols can be prepared having properties which render them greatly superior to the simpler amines heretofore employed. These .mixed amine-amino-alcohols have a much lower vapor pressure than other amines oi equal molecular weight, and consequently there is less less in the gas separation process through evaporation than is the case with those amines previously used. Furthermore, these mixed amine-amino-alcohols have a greater absorptive. capacity than other amines of similar molecular weight. This makes it possible to use siznaller equipment, and consequently to use less of these compounds in the separation of gases.

Another advantage obtained in using this new class oi compounds is that less power .is required for circulation ofthe absorptive agent, and less energy is required for driving off the absorbed gases and regenerating the base.

The general structural formula of the mixed amine-amino-alcohols is:

R Ra NRa-N R R4 'in which at least one of the tour symbols R1, R2, R3 or R4 broadly represents an amino-alcohol group that is an. aliphatic carbon group having attached thereto one or more hydroxyl groups and an amino group. The remaining three of the four symbols represent either hydrogen or an aliphatic carbon group which may have attached thereto an amino group and/or a ,hydroxyl group.

R5 is used to symbolize an aliphatic carbon group containing two or more carbon atoms, and which may have attached thereto one or more hydroxyl or amino groups. When one or more hydroxyl or amino groups are attached to the aliphatic carbon group R5, this carbon group must contain at least two carbon atoms more than the number of hydroxyl or amino groups attached thereto, since two hydroxyl or amino groups cannot be attached to the same carbon atom, nor can a hydroxyl group and an amino group be attached to the same carbon atom.

I believe this class of compounds is broadly 4 new and has never before been prepared, so far;

'as I am able to learn from a study of the literature.

As specific examples of compounds possessing 5 the above general structure, the following, compounds and the method of preparation thereof will serve to cover the class of compounds forming the subject of this invention:

/N--CH:CH:N H CHgCHOHGHaNHa N-(Z-hydroxy-B-smino propyD-ethylenc diamine-l,2. II.

CHa H N-CH;CH r-N CH1 CHnUHQHCHsNH:

N-dimethyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-aminc prowl)- ethylene disburse-1,2.

H\ CHQCHX;

N-CHxCHF-N v CHsCH CHQCHOHCHQNHJ N-N'diethyl-N'-(Z-hydroxy-S-amino propyl)-etl1ylene I diatoms-1,2. 1v.

NOH1CH:r-N i v NHgOHzOHOHOH: HIOHOHOHOHCHINH N-(2-hydroXy-3-amino propyl)-N-(2,3-dihydroxy-4- amino-butyU-ethylene diamine-L2.

/NCH:CHOHOH:-N H CHgCHOHCHINH] N-(2-hydroxy-8-amino propyl)-2-hydroxy propylene diamine-1,3. VI.

a r N-CH1CHOHOH:N mnonzononcrfi \xmonouomnn,

N,N-di(2-l1ydroxy-3-amlno profyl)- 2-hydroxy propylene diamine- ,3. These compounds are all thlck, vlscous liquids, crystallizable at low temperature, possessing a faint ammoniacal odor, miscible with waterand" alcohol in all proportions, insoluble in ether, benzene and parafiln hydrocarbons, difllcultly volatile, and boil only at temperatures above 200 C., at pressures of 5 mmeor less.

The general method which I have discovered.

The reactions in the preparation of compound by which the above class of compounds can be satisfactorily prepared, consists of the following: One molof an-aliphatic diamine, which may have one or more hydroxyl groups attached thereto, is cooled to C to C., and while at this temperature there is slowly added thereto with constant stirring, and, depending upon the number of amino-alcohol groups which'it is desired to introduce into the'molecule, one, two, three or four mols of a chlor-alkyle'ne oxide. After about two hours, when the reaction has gone-to completion, the resulting reaction product is mixed with constant stirring with two liters of strong aqueous ammonia, cooled to below 30 C., and containing the theoretical quantity of fixed alkali necessary to combine with the chlorine present.

After a few minutes the reactionis completed. The excess ammonia. and the water are distilled off, the amine which remains, is then dissolved in half a liter of alcohol, and the alkali chloride crystals are filtered off; the alcohol is distilled oh,

. and the impure amino-alcohol may be further distilled under a highwacuum to obtain the product of the desired high purity.

Specific examples of the reactions will serve to clarify the above general description of my method 0! preparation of these mixed amine-aminoalcohols.

The reactions involved in the preparation of compound No. I above are:

Ethylenedlamine chlor'propylene oxide gives in StBD.-H2NCH:CHNH1+C\IH2/CHCHzCl-) vN-(2-hy drox'y-li-choro propyl) ethylene diamine H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CHOHCH2C1. 2nd step.The latter NH NaOH gives H NCH CHQNHCHgCHOHCHgNH Ndc l H2 ..,Th e reactionsin the preparation of compound No. 11 above are:

N-di-methyl-ethylene-diamine chlor-propylene oxide gives 1st -stop.-(CHii)1NQH1QHiNH;+CH CHCHzCl N dimethyl N'-(2 hydroxy-3-chloro propyl)- ethylene diamine (en ncn cngiincrncnoncn ci. 2nd step.--The latter urn- NaOH gives (CH3) zNCHgCHgNHCHgCHOHCHgNHg 7 NaCl H20. The reactions in the preparation of compound No. IV above are:

Ethylene-diamine chlor propylene oxide 3- hydroxy i-chlor-butylene oxide-1.2 gives N,- 2-hydroxy-3 chloro propyl) -N'- 2,3-dihydroxy-4-chlorobutyl)rethylene diamlne (HCHgCHOHCHgNHCHgCHg NHCHgCHOHCHOHCHgCl I-B-Gimino propane! 2+chlor propylene oxide, gives N-(2 hydroxy-3-chloro pylcne dlamine-1,3

H NCH CHOHCH NHCH CHOHCHgCL 2nd step.'1he latter NH; NaOH gives HgNCHgCHOHCHNHCHgCHOHCHgN Hg.

D DyU-2-hydroxy-pro- No. VI above are:

i-3-glinmlno-propanol-2 2 cblor-propylene oxide g ves 1st step.-HzNCH;CHOHCH1NHg-i-2QHHCH Cl-Q N,N'-dl(2-hydroxy-3-cbloro propyl)-2-hydroxypropylene dlamine-1,3

CICH CHOHCH NHCH CHOHCH NHCH CHOHCH CI 2nd step.-The latter 2NHy+ 2NaOH gives HZNCHQCXIOHCHZNHCHZCHOHCIIQ Nncflzcnoncnznnz. The methods of preparing the intermediates, namely the alkylene diamines and the chloralkylene oxides, are well known, and will not be repeated here.

In the process of producing these mixed amineamino-alcohols, it is advisable to carry out the first step of the process at a temperature of 0 C.

-the theoretical amount, and that fixed alkali be present in the solution in not less than the theoretical amount to combine with the chlorine or other halide of the reactants. An excess of alkali is of no particular advantage and does no particular harm if not too greatly in excess, for example, if it is not greater than to excess. Where the term "chlor is used it is' to be understood that other halides may be used in place of chlorine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A process of producing N-(hydroxy-aminoalkyl) substitute alkylene alpha-omega diamines, the amino and the hydroxyl groups being bonded to difierent carbon atoms, having the general structure an N-hydrogen atom in the lower alkylene alphaomega diamine, a lower amino substituted alkylol, in which the aminoand hydroxyl-groups are bonded to different carbon atoms not bonded to the nitrogen bonded to R5.

2. A process oi producing N-hydroxy-aminoalkyl) substituted alkylene alpha-omega diamines, the amino and the hydroxyl groups being bonded to diil'erent carbon atoms, having the general structure R! R4 in which at least one of the symbols R1, R2, R: and

propylene, which includes the steps of acting upon a lower alkylene alpha-omega diamine with a chlor-lower alkylene oxide, in which the oxygen alkyl) substituted alkylene alpha-omega diamines,

in which at least one of the symbols R1, Ra, Ba and R4 represents an amino substituted lower alkylol,

in which the aminoand hydroxyl-groups are bonded to different carbon atoms not bonded to the nitrogen bonded to R5, and the remaining symbols represent substitutents selected from the v group consisting of hydrogen, and lower alkyl groups and R5 represents a residue selected from the group consisting of ethylene and Z-hydroxy propylene, which process includes the steps of acting upon a lower alkylene'alpha-omega diamine with a chlorlower alkylene oxide, in which the oxygen is bonded to two adjacent carbon atoms and the chlorine is bonded to still another carbon atom adjacent to said two adjacent carbon atoms at 0 C. to -10 C., to produce an N-(chlor-hydroxy-alkyl) derivative of the diamine, in which the chlorine atom and hydroxyl group are bonded to diflferent carbon atoms not bonded to the nitrogen bonded to R5, and subsequently substituting an amino group for the chicrine atom in the N-(chlcr-hydroxy-alkyl) derivative by the action of an excess of ammonia in the presence of a fixed alkali.

4. The process of producing N-(2-hydroxy-3- amino propyl)-ethylene diamine-l,2, which includes eifectlng reaction between ethylene diamine and chlor-propylene oxide at a temperature of 0 C. to l0 C., and eflecting reaction 5 between the resulting product and ammonia and free fixed alkali, the ammonia being in excess of the theoretical requirement.

5. The process of producing N-(2-hydroxy-3- amino propyl) -2- hydroxy propylene diamine-l, 1o-

3, which includes eflecting reaction between 1, 3-diamino propanol-2 and chlor-propylene oxide at a temperature of -10f (3., and effecting reaction between the resulting product and ammonia and free fixed alkali, the ammonia be- 15 ing in excess of the theoretical requirement.

6. The process of producing N, N'-di-(2-hydroxy-3-amino propyD-2-hydroxy propylene diamine-l,3, which includes eifecting reaction be tween 1,3-diamino propanol-2 and chlor-propy- 20 lene oxide at a temperature of -10 C., and effecting reaction between the resulting product and ammonia and free fixed alkali, the ammonia being in excess of the theoretical requirements.

7. A N-(hydroxy-amino-alkyl) substitute al- 25 kylene alpha-omega diamine, the amino and the hydroxyl groups being bonded to different carbon atoms, having the general structure I Ra R4 in which at least one of the symbols R1, Ra, Ra and R4 represents an amino substituted lower 5 alkylol, in which the aminoand hydroxylgroups are bonded to diiferent carbon atoms not bonded to the nitrogen bonded to R5, and the remaining symbols represent substituents selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and lower allgvl groups, and R5 represents a residue selected from the group consisting of ethylene and 2-hydroxy-propylene.

8. As a new chemical compound,

R NH-CHzCHOHCHz-NHEI-IzCI-IOHCHzNH:

where R1 represents 3-amino-2-hydroxylpropyl.

9. As a new chemical compound, 3-amino-2- hydroxypropyl nitrogen substituted ethylene diamine-1-2.

10. As a new chemical compound 3-amino-2- hydroxypropyl nitrogen substituted 2-hydroxypropylene diamine-Lij.

ROBERT ROGER BO'I'TOMS. 

